Surgical Outcome of Thyroid Cancer: 5 Year Experience South Egypt Cancer Institute

Background: Thyroid surgery can lead to different complications, hemorrhage, RLN palsy, postoperative hypocalcemia. Surgical mechanisms of the high rate of hypoparathyroidism with bilateral neck dissection could be disruption of the inferior thyroid arteries at their thyrocervical trunk origin during comprehensive lateral and central neck dissection.
Objective: Description of short-term surgical outcome of thyroid cancer in patients operated in south Egypt cancer institute as regarding: post-operative bleeding, post-operative infection, post-operative stridor, RLN injury, Hypoparathyroidism, Wound infection seroma and Complication of neck dissection (Horner syndrome, chyle leak and spinal accessory nerve injury
Patients and methods: This study is a retrospective one that will include all patients with thyroid cancer operated at South Egypt Cancer Institute between a time period from 2015 to 2019. This study is a descriptive study of short-term surgical outcome of thyroid cancer by studying files of thyroid cancer patients.
Results: postoperative stridor happened in 3 cases of 28 case completion thyroidectomy by incidence of 10.6%, RLN injury occurred in 5 cases among 28 case completion thyroidectomies. Transient hypoparathyroidism happened in 12 cases among 28 cases did completion thyroidectomy by incidence of 42.8%. A recent retrospective study performed in 1,087 patients with PTC and clinically negative neck lymph nodes showed that both ipsilateral prophylactic CND or bilateral CND with concomitant total thyroidectomy were associated with a higher rates of transient Hypoparathyroidism
Conclusion: The literature and our data confirm that patients undergoing re-operative thyroid surgery and thyroid surgery for cancer are at increased risk of RLNP. There is no significant difference in laterality of nerve injured or in rates between histological diagnoses. The literature suggests that extended resection and possibly low surgeon caseload are also risk factors.