Outcome of Different Modalities of Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Surgical Resection and Interventional Radiology [TACE

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is an aggressive malignancy and has multiple treatment options, usually multimodality therapy is used. The choice of treatment depends on many factors including the staging of the tumor, patient characteristics, and liver functions. This study aimed to provide a descriptive analysis of patients diagnosed with HCC in NCI and to evaluate the outcome of treatment by surgical resection and interventional radiology.  Materials and Methods: The study included 84 patients of both sexes diagnosed with HCC in NCI and was retrospectively reviewed for patients’ characteristics, mode of presentation, investigations done, staging, and treatment received. Treatment outcome was compared between the two groups regarding local control and survival.  Results: Mean age was found to be 56.1 and 58.3 in the surgical resection and interventional radiology groups, respectively. HCV was positive in 88% of the patients. 41 patients (48.8%) were child class A, 35 patients (41.7%) were child class B and 8 patients 9.5%) were class C. The Median follow-up time was 15.21 months. The recurrence rate was (42.2%) in the SR group compared to (58.9%) in patients in the IR group. The 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival for the SR group was 79%, 54%, and 28% respectively while it was 55%, 11%, and 5% for the IR group respectively.  Conclusions: Surgical treatment remains the only curative therapy for HCC, with lower recurrence rates and longer survival. However, other modalities can be used in conjunction with surgery or as a bridge to liver transplantation. Further studies are required in NCI to develop the optimum therapy or combination of therapies for HCC.